Aim 1: mean differences in coagulation and inflammatory factor levels in patients with lower-leg injury compared with controls
| . | Reference range . | Mean (SD)* . | Mean difference/ratio (95% CI)* . | Adjusted mean difference/ratio (95% CI)*,† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FVIII activity (%) | 50%-150% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 125.6 (29.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 149.2 (40.3) | 23.6 (20.6-26.5) | 26.6 (23.6-29.6)‡ | |
| FIX activity (%) | 65%-135% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 125.1 (22.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 135.9 (24.8) | 10.9 (8.9-12.8) | 13.9 (12.1-15.7)‡ | |
| FXI activity (%) | 65%-140% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 114.3 (21.3) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 117.5 (23.8) | 3.3 (1.4-5.1) | 5.0 (3.2-6.9)‡ | |
| VWF antigen (%) | 50%-150% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 140.5 (39.5) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 166.8 (47.7) | 26.2 (22.6-29.9) | 29.4 (25.7-33.1)‡ | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 200-393 mg/dL | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 312.1 (73.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 339.2 (93.7) | 27.1 (20.1-34.1) | 34.0 (27.4-40.7)‡ | |
| D-dimer (ng/mL)* | <500 ng/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 216.5 (205.4-228.3)* | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 723.6 (685.0-764.4)* | 3.3 (3.1-3.6)* | 3.4 (3.2-3.7)*,‡ | |
| TF (pg/mL) | <62.2 pg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 83) | 40.5 (10.0) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 88) | 37.4 (9.3) | −3.1 (−6.0 to −0.2) | −3.4 (−6.2 to −0.6) | |
| cfDNA (µg/mL) | <1.14 µg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 28) | 0.9 (0.1) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 67) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1) | |
| MPO-DNA (ng/mL)* | <0.64 ng/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 28) | 0.1 (0.1-0.1)* | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 67) | 0.1 (0.1-0.1)* | 0.9 (0.6-1.2)* | 0.9 (0.7-1.3)* | |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | <10 pg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 80) | NA | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 75) | NA | 193.6 (−291.8 to 679.0)§ | 163.1 (−335.9 to 662.2)§ |
| . | Reference range . | Mean (SD)* . | Mean difference/ratio (95% CI)* . | Adjusted mean difference/ratio (95% CI)*,† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FVIII activity (%) | 50%-150% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 125.6 (29.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 149.2 (40.3) | 23.6 (20.6-26.5) | 26.6 (23.6-29.6)‡ | |
| FIX activity (%) | 65%-135% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 125.1 (22.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 135.9 (24.8) | 10.9 (8.9-12.8) | 13.9 (12.1-15.7)‡ | |
| FXI activity (%) | 65%-140% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 114.3 (21.3) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 117.5 (23.8) | 3.3 (1.4-5.1) | 5.0 (3.2-6.9)‡ | |
| VWF antigen (%) | 50%-150% | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 140.5 (39.5) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 166.8 (47.7) | 26.2 (22.6-29.9) | 29.4 (25.7-33.1)‡ | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 200-393 mg/dL | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 312.1 (73.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 339.2 (93.7) | 27.1 (20.1-34.1) | 34.0 (27.4-40.7)‡ | |
| D-dimer (ng/mL)* | <500 ng/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 1018) | 216.5 (205.4-228.3)* | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 1288) | 723.6 (685.0-764.4)* | 3.3 (3.1-3.6)* | 3.4 (3.2-3.7)*,‡ | |
| TF (pg/mL) | <62.2 pg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 83) | 40.5 (10.0) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 88) | 37.4 (9.3) | −3.1 (−6.0 to −0.2) | −3.4 (−6.2 to −0.6) | |
| cfDNA (µg/mL) | <1.14 µg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 28) | 0.9 (0.1) | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 67) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | 0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1) | |
| MPO-DNA (ng/mL)* | <0.64 ng/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 28) | 0.1 (0.1-0.1)* | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 67) | 0.1 (0.1-0.1)* | 0.9 (0.6-1.2)* | 0.9 (0.7-1.3)* | |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | <10 pg/mL | |||
| Controls (N = 80) | NA | Reference | Reference | |
| Patients (N = 75) | NA | 193.6 (−291.8 to 679.0)§ | 163.1 (−335.9 to 662.2)§ |
Control samples involved the preoperative samples of knee arthroscopy patients.
Geometric means (with 95% CIs) and mean ratios of ln-retransformed data.
Adjusted for sex, age, BMI, comorbidity, infections, and malignancy.
Adjusted for sex, age, BMI, comorbidity, infections, malignancy, and use of oral contraceptives.
Left-censored results, that is, only detectable levels (>8.0 pg/mL) were analyzed; means could not be obtained.