Comparison of COVID-19 outcomes between individuals with sickle cell disease and Black individuals without sickle cell disease/trait
| Outcome . | Absolute risks in matched cohorts, % . | SCD vs Black patients without sickle cell disease/trait . | P . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sickle cell disease (N = 312) . | Black patients without sickle cell disease/trait (N = 312) . | Risk ratio . | 95% CI . | Risk difference, % . | 95% CI . | ||
| COVID-19 manifestations | |||||||
| Cough/fever | 26.9 | 22.7 | 1.2 | 0.9 to1.6 | 4.2 | –2.6 to 10.9 | .23 |
| Pain | 41.9 | 12.2 | 3.4 | 2.5 to 4.8 | 29.8 | 23.2 to 36.4 | <.001 |
| Pneumonia/acute chest syndrome | 23.1 | 9.6 | 2.4 | 1.6 to 3.4 | 13.4 | 7.8 to 19.2 | <.001 |
| Dyspnea/shortness of breath/hypoxia | 15.1 | 15.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 to 1.4 | −0.6 | –6.3 to 5.0 | .82 |
| ARD/respiratory failure or need of mechanical ventilation | 11.2 | 8.9 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.0 | 2.2 | –2.5 to 7.0 | .35 |
| Venous thromboembolism/pulmonary embolism | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
| Hospitalization | |||||||
| Within 14 d | 35.9 | 17.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 to 2.7 | 18.2 | 11.5 to 28.3 | <.001 |
| Within 30 d | 41.3 | 19.2 | 2.2 | 1.6 to 2.8 | 22.1 | 15.1 to 29.1 | <.001 |
| Mortality | |||||||
| Within 14 d | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
| Within 30 d | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
| Outcome . | Absolute risks in matched cohorts, % . | SCD vs Black patients without sickle cell disease/trait . | P . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sickle cell disease (N = 312) . | Black patients without sickle cell disease/trait (N = 312) . | Risk ratio . | 95% CI . | Risk difference, % . | 95% CI . | ||
| COVID-19 manifestations | |||||||
| Cough/fever | 26.9 | 22.7 | 1.2 | 0.9 to1.6 | 4.2 | –2.6 to 10.9 | .23 |
| Pain | 41.9 | 12.2 | 3.4 | 2.5 to 4.8 | 29.8 | 23.2 to 36.4 | <.001 |
| Pneumonia/acute chest syndrome | 23.1 | 9.6 | 2.4 | 1.6 to 3.4 | 13.4 | 7.8 to 19.2 | <.001 |
| Dyspnea/shortness of breath/hypoxia | 15.1 | 15.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 to 1.4 | −0.6 | –6.3 to 5.0 | .82 |
| ARD/respiratory failure or need of mechanical ventilation | 11.2 | 8.9 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.0 | 2.2 | –2.5 to 7.0 | .35 |
| Venous thromboembolism/pulmonary embolism | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
| Hospitalization | |||||||
| Within 14 d | 35.9 | 17.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 to 2.7 | 18.2 | 11.5 to 28.3 | <.001 |
| Within 30 d | 41.3 | 19.2 | 2.2 | 1.6 to 2.8 | 22.1 | 15.1 to 29.1 | <.001 |
| Mortality | |||||||
| Within 14 d | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
| Within 30 d | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 0.0 | –2.8 to 2.8 | >.99 |
Bold P values indicate statistical significance.
ARD, acute respiratory distress, CI, confidence interval.