Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for time until recurrent VTE (n = 373)
| . | Patients without recurrent VTE (n = 308), % . | Patients with recurrent VTE (n = 65), % . | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) . | Multivariable analysis HR (95% CI) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at study entry (y) | ||||
| <1 | 179 (58) | 39 (60) | 1.77 (0.75, 4.19) | 1.09 (0.45, 2.78) |
| 1-5 | 63 (20) | 15 (23) | 1.70 (0.66, 4.40) | 1.63 (0.61, 4.36) |
| 5-12 | 42 (14) | 6 (9) | Reference | Reference |
| >12 | 24 (8) | 5 (8) | 1.57 (0.48, 5.18) | 1.71 (0.51, 5.78) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 171 (56) | 32 (49) | Reference | Excluded |
| Female | 137 (44) | 33 (51) | 1.31 (0.81, 2.13) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 156 (51) | 26 (40) | Reference | Excluded |
| Black | 72 (23) | 23 (35) | 1.68 (0.96, 2.95) | |
| Asian | 14 (5) | 2 (3) | 0.79 (0.19, 3.34) | |
| Other | 66 (21) | 14 (22) | 1.42 (0.74, 2.72) | |
| Total additional CVCs | ||||
| 0 | 132 (43) | 2 (3) | Reference | Reference |
| 1 | 82 (27) | 20 (31) | 15.14 (3.54, 64.78) | 12.00 (2.78, 51.91) |
| 2 | 45 (15) | 18 (28) | 23.74 (5.50, 102.4) | 15.20 (3.43, 67.48) |
| 3 | 21 (7) | 13 (20) | 28.15 (6.34, 125.0) | 14.07 (3.11, 63.58) |
| 4 or more | 28 (9) | 12 (18) | 20.63 (4.62, 92.21) | 11.21 (2.45, 51.41) |
| Chronic medical condition | ||||
| Congenital heart disease | 45 (15) | 23 (35) | 2.90 (1.74, 4.83) | 3.70 (1.97, 6.95) |
| Total parenteral nutrition dependence | 28 (9) | 26 (40) | 5.09 (3.08, 8.39) | 4.02 (2.23, 7.28) |
| Cancer | 29 (9) | 1 (2) | 0.17 (0.02, 1.20) | 0.23 (0.03, 1.81) |
| Renal | 18 (6) | 5 (8) | 1.38 (0.55, 3.43) | Others/reference |
| Hyperinsulinemia | 22 (7) | 2 (3) | 0.69 (0.17, 2.83) | |
| Cystic fibrosis | 5 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.84 (0.12, 6.05) | |
| Autoimmune disease | 2 (1) | 2 (3) | 3.96 (0.97, 16.24) | |
| Gastrointestinal autoimmune disease | 8 (3) | 2 (3) | 0.89 (0.22, 3.68) | |
| Sickle cell disease | 7 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.56 (0.08, 4.05) | |
| None | 158 (51) | 40 (62) | 0.09 (0.01, 0.65) | 0.30 (0.04, 2.30) |
| Congenital thrombophilia* | ||||
| Present | 27 (9) | 9 (14) | 2.10 (0.91, 4.87) | 2.52 (1.05, 6.03) |
| Absent | 161 (52) | 42 (65) | 1.68 (0.92, 3.09) | 1.66 (0.89, 3.13) |
| Not assessed | 120 (39) | 14 (22) | Reference | Reference |
| Acute prothrombotic condition | ||||
| Recent surgery (<30 d) | 60 (19) | 18 (28) | 1.50 (0.87, 2.57) | Excluded |
| Active infection | 63 (20) | 8 (12) | 0.59 (0.28, 1.24) | |
| Protein-losing process | 9 (3) | 2 (3) | 1.17 (0.29, 4.77) | |
| Prothrombotic medication | 11 (4) | 0 (0) | 0† |
| . | Patients without recurrent VTE (n = 308), % . | Patients with recurrent VTE (n = 65), % . | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) . | Multivariable analysis HR (95% CI) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at study entry (y) | ||||
| <1 | 179 (58) | 39 (60) | 1.77 (0.75, 4.19) | 1.09 (0.45, 2.78) |
| 1-5 | 63 (20) | 15 (23) | 1.70 (0.66, 4.40) | 1.63 (0.61, 4.36) |
| 5-12 | 42 (14) | 6 (9) | Reference | Reference |
| >12 | 24 (8) | 5 (8) | 1.57 (0.48, 5.18) | 1.71 (0.51, 5.78) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 171 (56) | 32 (49) | Reference | Excluded |
| Female | 137 (44) | 33 (51) | 1.31 (0.81, 2.13) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 156 (51) | 26 (40) | Reference | Excluded |
| Black | 72 (23) | 23 (35) | 1.68 (0.96, 2.95) | |
| Asian | 14 (5) | 2 (3) | 0.79 (0.19, 3.34) | |
| Other | 66 (21) | 14 (22) | 1.42 (0.74, 2.72) | |
| Total additional CVCs | ||||
| 0 | 132 (43) | 2 (3) | Reference | Reference |
| 1 | 82 (27) | 20 (31) | 15.14 (3.54, 64.78) | 12.00 (2.78, 51.91) |
| 2 | 45 (15) | 18 (28) | 23.74 (5.50, 102.4) | 15.20 (3.43, 67.48) |
| 3 | 21 (7) | 13 (20) | 28.15 (6.34, 125.0) | 14.07 (3.11, 63.58) |
| 4 or more | 28 (9) | 12 (18) | 20.63 (4.62, 92.21) | 11.21 (2.45, 51.41) |
| Chronic medical condition | ||||
| Congenital heart disease | 45 (15) | 23 (35) | 2.90 (1.74, 4.83) | 3.70 (1.97, 6.95) |
| Total parenteral nutrition dependence | 28 (9) | 26 (40) | 5.09 (3.08, 8.39) | 4.02 (2.23, 7.28) |
| Cancer | 29 (9) | 1 (2) | 0.17 (0.02, 1.20) | 0.23 (0.03, 1.81) |
| Renal | 18 (6) | 5 (8) | 1.38 (0.55, 3.43) | Others/reference |
| Hyperinsulinemia | 22 (7) | 2 (3) | 0.69 (0.17, 2.83) | |
| Cystic fibrosis | 5 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.84 (0.12, 6.05) | |
| Autoimmune disease | 2 (1) | 2 (3) | 3.96 (0.97, 16.24) | |
| Gastrointestinal autoimmune disease | 8 (3) | 2 (3) | 0.89 (0.22, 3.68) | |
| Sickle cell disease | 7 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.56 (0.08, 4.05) | |
| None | 158 (51) | 40 (62) | 0.09 (0.01, 0.65) | 0.30 (0.04, 2.30) |
| Congenital thrombophilia* | ||||
| Present | 27 (9) | 9 (14) | 2.10 (0.91, 4.87) | 2.52 (1.05, 6.03) |
| Absent | 161 (52) | 42 (65) | 1.68 (0.92, 3.09) | 1.66 (0.89, 3.13) |
| Not assessed | 120 (39) | 14 (22) | Reference | Reference |
| Acute prothrombotic condition | ||||
| Recent surgery (<30 d) | 60 (19) | 18 (28) | 1.50 (0.87, 2.57) | Excluded |
| Active infection | 63 (20) | 8 (12) | 0.59 (0.28, 1.24) | |
| Protein-losing process | 9 (3) | 2 (3) | 1.17 (0.29, 4.77) | |
| Prothrombotic medication | 11 (4) | 0 (0) | 0† |
Time (d) from initial catheter-associated thrombotic event to additional thrombotic event, or end of follow-up for censored patients.
HR, hazards ratio; VTE, venous thromboembolism.
Congenital thrombophilia defined as factor V Leiden mutation, antithrombin deficiency, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, and/or prothrombin gene mutation.
Zero recurrent thrombotic events for patients with prothrombotic medication so HR could not be estimated.