Estimates of minimum factor levels corresponding to National Hemophilia Foundation categories of risks for physical activities
| Risk level . | Examples of physical activities* . | Minimum factor levels (Mean ± SD)† . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without joint morbidity . | With joint morbidity‡ . | ||
| 1 – low | Aquatics, archery, elliptical machine, frisbee, golf, hiking, tai chi, snorkeling, stationary bike, stepper, swimming, walking | 4 ± 2 | 7 ± 2 |
| 1.5 – low-moderate | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, body-sculpting class, canoeing, cheerleading, circuit training, dance, fishing, frisbee, hiking, horseback riding, indoor-cycling class, kayaking, Pilates, indoor rock climbing, rowing, rowing machine, nonmotorized scooter, skateboarding, ice skating, inline skating, ski machine, softball, stepper, strength training, T-ball, treadmill, yoga, Zumba class | 7 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 |
| 2 – moderate | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, boot camp workout class, bowling, canoeing, cardio kickboxing class, cheerleading, dance, diving, fishing, touch football, gymnastics, CrossFit, horseback riding, indoor-cycling class, Jet Ski, jumping rope, kayaking, martial arts, Pilates, river rafting, rock climbing, running/jogging, motorized and nonmotorized scooters, scuba diving, skateboarding, ice skating, cross-country skiing, water skiing, soccer, softball, surfing, tennis, track and field, volleyball, yoga, Zumba class | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 2 |
| 2.5 – moderate-high | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, bounce houses, canoeing, cheerleading, dance, diving, gymnastics, CrossFit, hockey, horseback riding, Jet Ski, kayaking, martial arts, mountain biking, racquetball, outdoor rock climbing, motorized and nonmotorized scooter, scuba diving, skateboarding, ice skating, downhill skiing, water skiing, snowboarding, soccer, softball, surfing, track and field, trampoline, volleyball, water polo | 19 ± 2 | 21 ± 2 |
| 3 – high | Bicycling, BMX racing, bounce houses, boxing, dance, diving, tackle football, gymnastics, CrossFit, hockey, Jet Ski, lacrosse, martial arts, dirt bikes, powerlifting, outdoor rock climbing, rodeo, rugby, snowmobiling, soccer, trampoline, wrestling | 38 ± 2 | 47 ± 2 |
| Risk level . | Examples of physical activities* . | Minimum factor levels (Mean ± SD)† . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without joint morbidity . | With joint morbidity‡ . | ||
| 1 – low | Aquatics, archery, elliptical machine, frisbee, golf, hiking, tai chi, snorkeling, stationary bike, stepper, swimming, walking | 4 ± 2 | 7 ± 2 |
| 1.5 – low-moderate | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, body-sculpting class, canoeing, cheerleading, circuit training, dance, fishing, frisbee, hiking, horseback riding, indoor-cycling class, kayaking, Pilates, indoor rock climbing, rowing, rowing machine, nonmotorized scooter, skateboarding, ice skating, inline skating, ski machine, softball, stepper, strength training, T-ball, treadmill, yoga, Zumba class | 7 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 |
| 2 – moderate | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, boot camp workout class, bowling, canoeing, cardio kickboxing class, cheerleading, dance, diving, fishing, touch football, gymnastics, CrossFit, horseback riding, indoor-cycling class, Jet Ski, jumping rope, kayaking, martial arts, Pilates, river rafting, rock climbing, running/jogging, motorized and nonmotorized scooters, scuba diving, skateboarding, ice skating, cross-country skiing, water skiing, soccer, softball, surfing, tennis, track and field, volleyball, yoga, Zumba class | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 2 |
| 2.5 – moderate-high | Baseball, basketball, bicycling, bounce houses, canoeing, cheerleading, dance, diving, gymnastics, CrossFit, hockey, horseback riding, Jet Ski, kayaking, martial arts, mountain biking, racquetball, outdoor rock climbing, motorized and nonmotorized scooter, scuba diving, skateboarding, ice skating, downhill skiing, water skiing, snowboarding, soccer, softball, surfing, track and field, trampoline, volleyball, water polo | 19 ± 2 | 21 ± 2 |
| 3 – high | Bicycling, BMX racing, bounce houses, boxing, dance, diving, tackle football, gymnastics, CrossFit, hockey, Jet Ski, lacrosse, martial arts, dirt bikes, powerlifting, outdoor rock climbing, rodeo, rugby, snowmobiling, soccer, trampoline, wrestling | 38 ± 2 | 47 ± 2 |
Examples of physical activities based on National Hemophilia Foundation categories of risk. Depending on the intensity of the physical activity, some activities are in multiple risk-level categories.39
Minimum factor levels for participation in physical activities based on an expert elicitation exercise.43
Joint morbidity was defined as having one or more “damaged joints”—ie, any joint permanently damaged as a result of the patient's bleeding disorder or associated with chronic joint pain and/or limited range of movement due to compromised joint integrity.43