Characteristics of patients with AML who have CNS involvement, with EMD outside the CNS, and with no EMD involvement
| Characteristic . | CNS involvement (n = 36) . | EMD but no CNS involvement (n = 733) . | No EMD (n = 2471) . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | % . | No. . | % . | P . | No. . | % . | P . | |||
| Age, y | . 33/.71 | 1.00/.07 | ||||||||
| <60 | 24 | 66.7 | 550 | 75.0 | 1638 | 66.3 | ||||
| ≥60 | 12 | 33.3 | 183 | 25.0 | 831 | 33.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 44.5 (17-79) | 45 (14-93) | 52 (15-86) | |||||||
| Sex | .39 | .87 | ||||||||
| Male | 18 | 50.0 | 427 | 58.3 | 1284 | 52.0 | ||||
| Female | 18 | 50.0 | 306 | 41.7 | 1185 | 48.0 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 0 | — | 2 | — | ||||
| Race/ethnicity* | .24 | .29 | ||||||||
| White | 30 | 85.7 | 649 | 89.5 | 2193 | 89.5 | ||||
| Hispanic | 2 | 5.7 | 15 | 2.1 | 69 | 2.8 | ||||
| African American | 2 | 5.7 | 48 | 6.6 | 143 | 5.8 | ||||
| Asian | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 0.3 | 20 | 0.8 | ||||
| Other | 1 | 2.9 | 11 | 1.5 | 26 | 1.1 | ||||
| Unknown | 1 | — | 8 | — | 20 | — | ||||
| ECOG PS† | .04 | .0002 | ||||||||
| 0 | 5 | 13.9 | 193 | 26.4 | 914 | 37.3 | ||||
| 1 | 17 | 47.2 | 370 | 50.7 | 1194 | 48.7 | ||||
| 2-4 | 14 | 38.9 | 167 | 22.9 | 343 | 14.0 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 3 | — | 20 | — | ||||
| FAB classification‡ | .053 | .0002 | ||||||||
| M0 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 1.0 | 56 | 2.3 | ||||
| M1 | 4 | 11.1 | 112 | 15.3 | 489 | 19.9 | ||||
| M2 | 2 | 5.6 | 125 | 17.1 | 688 | 28.0 | ||||
| M4 | 20 | 55.6 | 279 | 38.2 | 639 | 26.0 | ||||
| M5 | 5 | 13.9 | 117 | 16.0 | 166 | 6.7 | ||||
| M6 | 0 | 0.0 | 12 | 1.6 | 100 | 4.1 | ||||
| M7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 12 | 0.5 | ||||
| Other | 5 | 13.9 | 78 | 10.6 | 310 | 12.6 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 3 | — | 11 | — | ||||
| Cytogenetics | .12 | .12 | ||||||||
| Favorable | 1 | 8.3 | 25 | 10.8 | 174 | 12.9 | ||||
| Intermediate | 5 | 41.7 | 79 | 34.1 | 492 | 36.3 | ||||
| Unfavorable | 0 | 0.0 | 59 | 25.4 | 316 | 23.3 | ||||
| Undetermined | 6 | 50.07 | 69 | 29.7 | 372 | 27.5 | ||||
| Unknown | 24 | — | 501 | — | 1117 | — | ||||
| No. of EMD sites | .005 | |||||||||
| 0 | — | — | — | — | 2471 | 100 | ||||
| 1 | 13 | 36.1 | 445 | 60.7 | 0 | 0.0 | ||||
| 2-6 | 23 | 63.9 | 288 | 39.3 | 0 | 0.0 | ||||
| Response to induction§ | .49 | .49 | ||||||||
| CR | 19 | 52.8 | 432 | 59.3 | 1472 | 60.0 | ||||
| PR | 1 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.1 | ||||
| SD | 14 | 38.9 | 213 | 29.2 | 687 | 28 | ||||
| PD | 0 | 0.0 | 34 | 4.7 | 131 | 5.3 | ||||
| Unevaluable | 2 | 5.5 | 50 | 6.9 | 161 | 6.6 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 4 | — | 17 | — | ||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .11/.07 | .03/.009 | ||||||||
| <10 | 19 | 52.8 | 474 | 66.0 | 1720 | 70.3 | ||||
| ≥10 | 17 | 47.2 | 244 | 34.0 | 728 | 29.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 9.7 (3.3-15.4) | 9.4 (0.5-31.0) | 9.1 (0.2-39.5) | |||||||
| Platelet count × 103/μL | .87/.97 | 1.00/.94 | ||||||||
| <60 | 17 | 47.2 | 332 | 45.6 | 1134 | 46.3 | ||||
| ≥60 | 19 | 52.8 | 396 | 54.4 | 1315 | 53.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 64.5 (3-262) | 53 (0.7-1660) | 54 (1-999) | |||||||
| WBC count × 103/μL | .37/.77 | .0001/.0004 | ||||||||
| <50 | 20 | 55.6 | 467 | 64.1 | 2048 | 83.3 | ||||
| ≥50 | 16 | 44.4 | 262 | 35.9 | 411 | 16.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 36.2 (0.8-270) | 31.7 (0.2-497) | 8.6 (0.3-600) | |||||||
| Bone marrow blast (%) | .45 | .27 | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 71 (3-99) | 77 (0-100) | 63 (0-100) | |||||||
| Peripheral blood blast (%) | .43 | .23 | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 37 (0-93) | 44 (0-99) | 26 (0-99) | |||||||
| Characteristic . | CNS involvement (n = 36) . | EMD but no CNS involvement (n = 733) . | No EMD (n = 2471) . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | % . | No. . | % . | P . | No. . | % . | P . | |||
| Age, y | . 33/.71 | 1.00/.07 | ||||||||
| <60 | 24 | 66.7 | 550 | 75.0 | 1638 | 66.3 | ||||
| ≥60 | 12 | 33.3 | 183 | 25.0 | 831 | 33.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 44.5 (17-79) | 45 (14-93) | 52 (15-86) | |||||||
| Sex | .39 | .87 | ||||||||
| Male | 18 | 50.0 | 427 | 58.3 | 1284 | 52.0 | ||||
| Female | 18 | 50.0 | 306 | 41.7 | 1185 | 48.0 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 0 | — | 2 | — | ||||
| Race/ethnicity* | .24 | .29 | ||||||||
| White | 30 | 85.7 | 649 | 89.5 | 2193 | 89.5 | ||||
| Hispanic | 2 | 5.7 | 15 | 2.1 | 69 | 2.8 | ||||
| African American | 2 | 5.7 | 48 | 6.6 | 143 | 5.8 | ||||
| Asian | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 0.3 | 20 | 0.8 | ||||
| Other | 1 | 2.9 | 11 | 1.5 | 26 | 1.1 | ||||
| Unknown | 1 | — | 8 | — | 20 | — | ||||
| ECOG PS† | .04 | .0002 | ||||||||
| 0 | 5 | 13.9 | 193 | 26.4 | 914 | 37.3 | ||||
| 1 | 17 | 47.2 | 370 | 50.7 | 1194 | 48.7 | ||||
| 2-4 | 14 | 38.9 | 167 | 22.9 | 343 | 14.0 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 3 | — | 20 | — | ||||
| FAB classification‡ | .053 | .0002 | ||||||||
| M0 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 1.0 | 56 | 2.3 | ||||
| M1 | 4 | 11.1 | 112 | 15.3 | 489 | 19.9 | ||||
| M2 | 2 | 5.6 | 125 | 17.1 | 688 | 28.0 | ||||
| M4 | 20 | 55.6 | 279 | 38.2 | 639 | 26.0 | ||||
| M5 | 5 | 13.9 | 117 | 16.0 | 166 | 6.7 | ||||
| M6 | 0 | 0.0 | 12 | 1.6 | 100 | 4.1 | ||||
| M7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 12 | 0.5 | ||||
| Other | 5 | 13.9 | 78 | 10.6 | 310 | 12.6 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 3 | — | 11 | — | ||||
| Cytogenetics | .12 | .12 | ||||||||
| Favorable | 1 | 8.3 | 25 | 10.8 | 174 | 12.9 | ||||
| Intermediate | 5 | 41.7 | 79 | 34.1 | 492 | 36.3 | ||||
| Unfavorable | 0 | 0.0 | 59 | 25.4 | 316 | 23.3 | ||||
| Undetermined | 6 | 50.07 | 69 | 29.7 | 372 | 27.5 | ||||
| Unknown | 24 | — | 501 | — | 1117 | — | ||||
| No. of EMD sites | .005 | |||||||||
| 0 | — | — | — | — | 2471 | 100 | ||||
| 1 | 13 | 36.1 | 445 | 60.7 | 0 | 0.0 | ||||
| 2-6 | 23 | 63.9 | 288 | 39.3 | 0 | 0.0 | ||||
| Response to induction§ | .49 | .49 | ||||||||
| CR | 19 | 52.8 | 432 | 59.3 | 1472 | 60.0 | ||||
| PR | 1 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.1 | ||||
| SD | 14 | 38.9 | 213 | 29.2 | 687 | 28 | ||||
| PD | 0 | 0.0 | 34 | 4.7 | 131 | 5.3 | ||||
| Unevaluable | 2 | 5.5 | 50 | 6.9 | 161 | 6.6 | ||||
| Unknown | 0 | — | 4 | — | 17 | — | ||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .11/.07 | .03/.009 | ||||||||
| <10 | 19 | 52.8 | 474 | 66.0 | 1720 | 70.3 | ||||
| ≥10 | 17 | 47.2 | 244 | 34.0 | 728 | 29.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 9.7 (3.3-15.4) | 9.4 (0.5-31.0) | 9.1 (0.2-39.5) | |||||||
| Platelet count × 103/μL | .87/.97 | 1.00/.94 | ||||||||
| <60 | 17 | 47.2 | 332 | 45.6 | 1134 | 46.3 | ||||
| ≥60 | 19 | 52.8 | 396 | 54.4 | 1315 | 53.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 64.5 (3-262) | 53 (0.7-1660) | 54 (1-999) | |||||||
| WBC count × 103/μL | .37/.77 | .0001/.0004 | ||||||||
| <50 | 20 | 55.6 | 467 | 64.1 | 2048 | 83.3 | ||||
| ≥50 | 16 | 44.4 | 262 | 35.9 | 411 | 16.7 | ||||
| Median (range) | 36.2 (0.8-270) | 31.7 (0.2-497) | 8.6 (0.3-600) | |||||||
| Bone marrow blast (%) | .45 | .27 | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 71 (3-99) | 77 (0-100) | 63 (0-100) | |||||||
| Peripheral blood blast (%) | .43 | .23 | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 37 (0-93) | 44 (0-99) | 26 (0-99) | |||||||
Patients with M3 (APL) were excluded from this study. All data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise specified. P values were determined by using Fisher’s exact test (excluding cases with unknown values, unless otherwise specified) and/or Wilcoxon 2-sample test; when 2 P values are reported, the first is for the Fisher’s exact test and the second is for the Wilcoxon test.
PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease.
Comparison between races with respect to White vs all others (including unknown).
Comparison between ECOG PS groups with respect to status of 0-1 vs 2-4.
Comparison between FAB classes with respect to M4 vs all others (excluding unknown).
Comparison between Responses to induction groups with respect to CR vs all others (including unknown).