Body mass index, iron metabolism, and inflammation indices in patients with tuberculosis (N = 18) at the 3 time points when oral and intravenous iron tracers were administered
| Indices . | Before treatment . | After intensive treatment* . | Completion of treatment† . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 19.0 (17.2-20.9) | 20.3 (18.5-22.2)‡ | 21.5 (19.7-23.4)‡,§§ |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.1 (10.2-12.0) | 12.8 (11.8-13.7)‡ | 13.9 (12.8-15.0)‡‡, †† |
| Anemia‖, n (%) | 16 (89%) | 9 (50%) | 4 (22%) |
| Iron-deficiency anemia¶, n (%) | 5 (28%) | 4 (22%) | 3 (17%) |
| Anemia of inflammation#, n (%) | 11 (61%) | 5 (28%) | 1 (6%) |
| Reticulocytes, % | 0.98 (0.81-1.17) | 0.92 (0.73-1.14) | 0.83 (0.69-1.00) |
| MCV, fL | 74.1 (69.8-78.4) | 75.8 (72.4-79.1) | 77.3 (73.8-80.8)** |
| MCH, pg | 24.2 (22.5-25.9) | 24.5 (22.9-26.1) | 25.7 (23.9-27.5)**, †† |
| MCHC, g/dL | 32.6 (31.7-33.5) | 32.3 (31.2-33.4) | 33.1 (31.9-34.3) |
| Serum ferritin, μg/L | 160.7 (128.8-200.6) | 73.1 (44.3-120.6)‡ | 51.7 (32.2-82.9)‡ |
| Soluble TfR, mg/L | 7.3 (6.3-8.4) | 6.9 (5.9-8.0) | 6.9 (5.5-8.8) |
| Serum iron, μg/mL | 0.34 (0.26-0.45) | 0.50 (0.40-0.63) | 0.76 (0.57-1.01)‡, §§ |
| Transferrin saturation, % | 10.9 (8.4-14.3) | 15.0 (11.4-19.7) | 21.3 (16.4-27.8)** |
| Hepcidin, nM | 21.4 (14.7-31.2) | 3.3 (1.5-7.2)‡ | 1.6 (0.8-3.3)‡ |
| EPO, mIU/mL | 14.4 (10.3-20.0) | 9.4 (6.7-13.4)‡‡ | 9.4 (6.2-14.4)‡‡ |
| ERFE, pg/mL | 130.1 (65.2-259.6) | 45.4 (22.6-91.5)** | 41.2 (16.2-104.5)** |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 34.8 (22.2-54.5) | 6.0 (3.7-9.8)‡ | 1.8 (1.1-2.9)‡, §§ |
| IL-6 >8.87 pg/mL, n (%) | 16 (89%) | 10 (56%) | 1 (6%) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 62.5 (37.4-104.7) | 10.3 (4.8-22.3)‡ | 2.3 (1.2-4.4)‡, §§ |
| C-reactive protein >5 mg/L, n (%) | 17 (94%) | 13 (72%) | 6 (33%) |
| α1-glycoprotein, g/L | 3.5 (3.0-4.0) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4)‡ | 0.6 (0.5-0.7)‡,§§ |
| α1-glycoprotein >1 g/L, n (%) | 18 (100%) | 12 (67%) | 3 (17%) |
| Indices . | Before treatment . | After intensive treatment* . | Completion of treatment† . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 19.0 (17.2-20.9) | 20.3 (18.5-22.2)‡ | 21.5 (19.7-23.4)‡,§§ |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.1 (10.2-12.0) | 12.8 (11.8-13.7)‡ | 13.9 (12.8-15.0)‡‡, †† |
| Anemia‖, n (%) | 16 (89%) | 9 (50%) | 4 (22%) |
| Iron-deficiency anemia¶, n (%) | 5 (28%) | 4 (22%) | 3 (17%) |
| Anemia of inflammation#, n (%) | 11 (61%) | 5 (28%) | 1 (6%) |
| Reticulocytes, % | 0.98 (0.81-1.17) | 0.92 (0.73-1.14) | 0.83 (0.69-1.00) |
| MCV, fL | 74.1 (69.8-78.4) | 75.8 (72.4-79.1) | 77.3 (73.8-80.8)** |
| MCH, pg | 24.2 (22.5-25.9) | 24.5 (22.9-26.1) | 25.7 (23.9-27.5)**, †† |
| MCHC, g/dL | 32.6 (31.7-33.5) | 32.3 (31.2-33.4) | 33.1 (31.9-34.3) |
| Serum ferritin, μg/L | 160.7 (128.8-200.6) | 73.1 (44.3-120.6)‡ | 51.7 (32.2-82.9)‡ |
| Soluble TfR, mg/L | 7.3 (6.3-8.4) | 6.9 (5.9-8.0) | 6.9 (5.5-8.8) |
| Serum iron, μg/mL | 0.34 (0.26-0.45) | 0.50 (0.40-0.63) | 0.76 (0.57-1.01)‡, §§ |
| Transferrin saturation, % | 10.9 (8.4-14.3) | 15.0 (11.4-19.7) | 21.3 (16.4-27.8)** |
| Hepcidin, nM | 21.4 (14.7-31.2) | 3.3 (1.5-7.2)‡ | 1.6 (0.8-3.3)‡ |
| EPO, mIU/mL | 14.4 (10.3-20.0) | 9.4 (6.7-13.4)‡‡ | 9.4 (6.2-14.4)‡‡ |
| ERFE, pg/mL | 130.1 (65.2-259.6) | 45.4 (22.6-91.5)** | 41.2 (16.2-104.5)** |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 34.8 (22.2-54.5) | 6.0 (3.7-9.8)‡ | 1.8 (1.1-2.9)‡, §§ |
| IL-6 >8.87 pg/mL, n (%) | 16 (89%) | 10 (56%) | 1 (6%) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 62.5 (37.4-104.7) | 10.3 (4.8-22.3)‡ | 2.3 (1.2-4.4)‡, §§ |
| C-reactive protein >5 mg/L, n (%) | 17 (94%) | 13 (72%) | 6 (33%) |
| α1-glycoprotein, g/L | 3.5 (3.0-4.0) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4)‡ | 0.6 (0.5-0.7)‡,§§ |
| α1-glycoprotein >1 g/L, n (%) | 18 (100%) | 12 (67%) | 3 (17%) |
Values are geometric mean (95% CI) except for hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), which are mean (95% CI) or unless otherwise stated. P values derived from LMM with repeated measures followed by Bonferroni correction for multiple-comparison testing.
TfR, transferrin receptor.
Patients who were tuberculosis sputum-negative at the end of the intensive phase received the second iron isotope administration at study week 8. Patients who were still tuberculosis sputum-positive at study week 8 received the second iron isotope administration at study week 12.
Completion of treatment was at study week 24.
P < .001significantly different from before treatment.
Anemia defined as Hb <120 g/L in female subjects and <130 g/L in male subjects.
Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as Hb <120 g/L (female subjects) or <130 g/L (male subjects) and sTfR >8.3 μg/mL and/or SF <30 μg/L, although these indexes were likely confounded by inflammation.
Anemia of inflammation defined as Hb <120 g/L in female subjects and <130 g/L in male subjects and sTfR <8.3 μg/mL and SF >30 μg/L.
P < .01 significantly different from before treatment.
P < .05 significantly different from after intensive treatment.
P < .05 significantly different from before treatment.
P < .001; significantly different from after intensive treatment.