Characteristics of trauma patients at Emergency Department presentation and outcome of trauma
| Parameter . | All patients (n = 169) . | No MODS (n = 130) . | MODS (n = 39) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (y) | 51 (31-62) | 51 (32-60) | 52 (31-67) | .514 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 35 (20.7) | 24 (18.5) | 11 (28.2) | .126 |
| Blunt injury, n (%) | 159 (94.1) | 122 (93.8) | 37 (94.9) | .881 |
| Injury severity score | 20 (9-27) | 16 (9-25) | 27 (22-38) | <.001 |
| TBI, n (%) nonisolated | 73 (43.2) 34 (20.1) | 48 (36.9) 19 (14.6) | 25 (64.1) 15 (38.5) | .001 .002 |
| Vital parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 82 (70-97) | 81 (68-93) | 89 (78-112) | .024 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130 (28) | 133 (115-147) | 120 (108-142) | .081 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale, TBI patients | 14 (3-15) 5 (3-14) | 14 (6-15) 6 (3-14) | 4 (3-14) 3 (3-9) | <.001 .162 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.4 (12.1-14.5) | 13.5 (12.6-14.8) | 12.0 (10.4-13.3) | <.001 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 2.4 (1.6-3.7) | 2.4 (1.6-3.4) | 2.5 (1.6-3.9) | .390 |
| Base excess (mEq/L) | −1.3 (−3.7 to 0.6) | −1.0 (−3.0 to 1.0) | −2.6 (−6.5 to −0.3) | .004 |
| Coagulation | ||||
| Platelet count (×109/L) | 217 (178-256) | 226 (185-257) | 190 (167-250) | .042 |
| PT (s) | 11.9 (11.2-12.7) | 11.7 (11.2-12.5) | 12.6 (11.9-14.1) | .002 |
| aPTT (s) | 23.5 (22.8-26.0) | 23 (22-25) | 26 (23-28) | .002 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.2 (1.6-2.5) | 2.2 (1.8-2.6) | 1.8 (1.1-1.9) | .002 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 9.3 (2.5-32.0) | 6.7 (2.1-25.8) | 29.0 (14.2-32.0) | .002 |
| Fluids T0-T24 | ||||
| Crystalloids (mL) | 2000 (1000-2900) | 2000 (1000-2750) | 2400 (1050-5200) | .025 |
| Red blood cells (U) | 1.0 (3.4) | 0.5 (2.3) | 2.9 (5.1) | .007 |
| Plasma (U) | 0.7 (2.9) | 0.3 (1.8) | 1.8 (4.7) | .072 |
| Buffy coat platelets (U) | 0.4 (2.1) | 0.1 (0.9) | 1.2 (3.8) | .091 |
| Late complications and mortality | ||||
| MODS, n (%) | 39 (23.1) | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | ND |
| ICU days | 1 (0-5) | 1 (0-2) | 11 (4-18) | <.001 |
| Ventilator days | 0 (0-3) | 0 (0-1) | 7 (4-15) | <.001 |
| Hospital days | 7 (4-17) | 6 (3-11) | 24 (12-33) | <.001 |
| 24-h mortality, n (%) | 11 (6.5) | 11 (8.4) | 0 (0) | .070 |
| >24-h to 30-d mortality, n (%) | 9 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (23.1) | <.001 |
| Parameter . | All patients (n = 169) . | No MODS (n = 130) . | MODS (n = 39) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (y) | 51 (31-62) | 51 (32-60) | 52 (31-67) | .514 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 35 (20.7) | 24 (18.5) | 11 (28.2) | .126 |
| Blunt injury, n (%) | 159 (94.1) | 122 (93.8) | 37 (94.9) | .881 |
| Injury severity score | 20 (9-27) | 16 (9-25) | 27 (22-38) | <.001 |
| TBI, n (%) nonisolated | 73 (43.2) 34 (20.1) | 48 (36.9) 19 (14.6) | 25 (64.1) 15 (38.5) | .001 .002 |
| Vital parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 82 (70-97) | 81 (68-93) | 89 (78-112) | .024 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130 (28) | 133 (115-147) | 120 (108-142) | .081 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale, TBI patients | 14 (3-15) 5 (3-14) | 14 (6-15) 6 (3-14) | 4 (3-14) 3 (3-9) | <.001 .162 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.4 (12.1-14.5) | 13.5 (12.6-14.8) | 12.0 (10.4-13.3) | <.001 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 2.4 (1.6-3.7) | 2.4 (1.6-3.4) | 2.5 (1.6-3.9) | .390 |
| Base excess (mEq/L) | −1.3 (−3.7 to 0.6) | −1.0 (−3.0 to 1.0) | −2.6 (−6.5 to −0.3) | .004 |
| Coagulation | ||||
| Platelet count (×109/L) | 217 (178-256) | 226 (185-257) | 190 (167-250) | .042 |
| PT (s) | 11.9 (11.2-12.7) | 11.7 (11.2-12.5) | 12.6 (11.9-14.1) | .002 |
| aPTT (s) | 23.5 (22.8-26.0) | 23 (22-25) | 26 (23-28) | .002 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.2 (1.6-2.5) | 2.2 (1.8-2.6) | 1.8 (1.1-1.9) | .002 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 9.3 (2.5-32.0) | 6.7 (2.1-25.8) | 29.0 (14.2-32.0) | .002 |
| Fluids T0-T24 | ||||
| Crystalloids (mL) | 2000 (1000-2900) | 2000 (1000-2750) | 2400 (1050-5200) | .025 |
| Red blood cells (U) | 1.0 (3.4) | 0.5 (2.3) | 2.9 (5.1) | .007 |
| Plasma (U) | 0.7 (2.9) | 0.3 (1.8) | 1.8 (4.7) | .072 |
| Buffy coat platelets (U) | 0.4 (2.1) | 0.1 (0.9) | 1.2 (3.8) | .091 |
| Late complications and mortality | ||||
| MODS, n (%) | 39 (23.1) | 0 (0) | 39 (100) | ND |
| ICU days | 1 (0-5) | 1 (0-2) | 11 (4-18) | <.001 |
| Ventilator days | 0 (0-3) | 0 (0-1) | 7 (4-15) | <.001 |
| Hospital days | 7 (4-17) | 6 (3-11) | 24 (12-33) | <.001 |
| 24-h mortality, n (%) | 11 (6.5) | 11 (8.4) | 0 (0) | .070 |
| >24-h to 30-d mortality, n (%) | 9 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (23.1) | <.001 |
Data are represented as number (percentage), median (IQR), or mean (SD). Comparisons were made between patients without MODS and patients with MODS. Buffy coat platelets consisted of 5 donors per unit.
aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; bpm, beats per minute; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; ND, not determined; PT, prothrombin time; TBI, traumatic brain injury.