Definition of acute hTTP episodes and grading system to assess their severity
Acute hTTP episodes | A typical TTP episode,24 or an acute cerebrovascular or cardiovascular or other ischemic event; or a renal illness for which the patient requires and/or receives medical care in addition to regular prophylactic treatment (eg, with plasma infusions) |
In addition, maternal pregnancy complications resulting in a premature termination of pregnancy by abortion or delivery after 10 wk and before 34 wk of gestation | |
If laboratory assays are performed, they typically show: | |
Thrombocytopenia | |
Presence of schistocytes on peripheral blood smear | |
Decreased hemoglobin or reduced hematocrit | |
Decreased haptoglobin | |
Increased lactate dehydrogenase | |
Increased (indirect) bilirubin | |
Increased reticulocyte count | |
Mild episode = severity score 1 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Petechiae, ecchymoses/bruises, small hematomas | |
Cephalgia, vertigo, nausea | |
Fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, | |
(Sub)-febrile temperatures, shivering | |
Gastrointestinal symptoms (eg vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea) | |
Microscopic hematuria or macroscopic hematuria | |
Hemolytic jaundice | |
Tachycardia, moderate dyspnea | |
Moderate episode = severity score 2 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Transient ischemic attack | |
Angina pectoris | |
Cardiac arrhythmia | |
Acute renal failure, not requiring renal replacement | |
Pregnancy-associated TTP event with abortion <10th week of gestation | |
Severe episode = severity score 3 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Ischemic stroke | |
Coma, seizure, or impaired consciousness requiring airway-protective measures and ventilation | |
Acute myocardial infarction | |
Acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy | |
Multiorgan failure | |
Pregnancy with abortion ≥10th wk of gestation, or a premature delivery <34th wk of gestation (maternal indication) | |
Fatal episode = severity score 4 | Fatal outcome of a typical TTP episode and/or death from a cerebrovascular or cardiovascular event, or death during pregnancy |
Acute hTTP episodes | A typical TTP episode,24 or an acute cerebrovascular or cardiovascular or other ischemic event; or a renal illness for which the patient requires and/or receives medical care in addition to regular prophylactic treatment (eg, with plasma infusions) |
In addition, maternal pregnancy complications resulting in a premature termination of pregnancy by abortion or delivery after 10 wk and before 34 wk of gestation | |
If laboratory assays are performed, they typically show: | |
Thrombocytopenia | |
Presence of schistocytes on peripheral blood smear | |
Decreased hemoglobin or reduced hematocrit | |
Decreased haptoglobin | |
Increased lactate dehydrogenase | |
Increased (indirect) bilirubin | |
Increased reticulocyte count | |
Mild episode = severity score 1 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Petechiae, ecchymoses/bruises, small hematomas | |
Cephalgia, vertigo, nausea | |
Fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, | |
(Sub)-febrile temperatures, shivering | |
Gastrointestinal symptoms (eg vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea) | |
Microscopic hematuria or macroscopic hematuria | |
Hemolytic jaundice | |
Tachycardia, moderate dyspnea | |
Moderate episode = severity score 2 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Transient ischemic attack | |
Angina pectoris | |
Cardiac arrhythmia | |
Acute renal failure, not requiring renal replacement | |
Pregnancy-associated TTP event with abortion <10th week of gestation | |
Severe episode = severity score 3 | Typical signs and symptoms: |
Ischemic stroke | |
Coma, seizure, or impaired consciousness requiring airway-protective measures and ventilation | |
Acute myocardial infarction | |
Acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy | |
Multiorgan failure | |
Pregnancy with abortion ≥10th wk of gestation, or a premature delivery <34th wk of gestation (maternal indication) | |
Fatal episode = severity score 4 | Fatal outcome of a typical TTP episode and/or death from a cerebrovascular or cardiovascular event, or death during pregnancy |