Characteristics of MM patients and controls (samples used for assessment of GPRC5D expression)
| . | HD (n = 11) . | NDMM (n = 27) . | RRMM (n = 22) . | DARA-R MM (n = 25) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (range), y | 71 (55-77) | 66 (49-86) | 67 (54-77) | 66 (50-80) |
| Male, n (%) | 9 (82) | 16 (59) | 13 (59) | 15 (60) |
| LDH, U/L | ||||
| Median (range) | 207 (111-490) | 212 (78-1505) | 195 (110-544) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 10 (37) | 0 | 4 (16) | |
| Elevated, n (%) | 6 (35) | 6 (27) | 6 (29) | |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | ||||
| Median (range) | 80 (23-90) | 78 (42-90) | 78 (36-90) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 6 (22) | 0 | 0 | |
| <60, n (%) | 2 (10) | 4 (18) | 6 (24) | |
| <30, n (%) | 1 (5) | 0 | 0 | |
| β2-microglobulin, median (range), mg/L | 3.2 (1.8-11.0) | 3.7 (2.0-12.0) | 4.4 (1.7-9.0) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 4 (15) | 4 (18) | 13 (52) | |
| M protein, n (%) | ||||
| IgG | 9 (36) | 17 (77) | 16 (64) | |
| IgA | 5 (20) | 3 (14) | 4 (16) | |
| FLC only | 10 (40) | 2 (9) | 3 (12) | |
| Nonsecretor | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) | |
| Other | 1 (4): IgM | 0 | 1 (4): IgD | |
| Unknown | 2 (7) | 0 | 0 | |
| ISS score, n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 11 (46) | |||
| 2 | 8 (33) | |||
| 3 | 5 (21) | |||
| Unknown | 3 (11) | |||
| High-risk cytogenetics,* n (%) | 3 (12) | 7 (33) | 5 (36) | |
| Unknown | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 11 (44) | |
| del(17p) | 1 (4) | 5 (24) | 4 (29) | |
| t(4;14) | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 1 (7) | |
| t(14;16) | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 0 | |
| Prior lines, median (range) | 0 | 3 (1-8) | 6 (1-16) | |
| Prior autologous SCT, n (%) | NA | 15 (68) | 15 (60) | |
| Single | 12 (55) | 11 (44) | ||
| Double | 3 (14) | 4 (16) | ||
| Prior allogeneic SCT, n (%) | NA | 0 | 1 (4) | |
| Lenalidomide, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory† | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Pomalidomide, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 9 (41) | 13 (52) | ||
| Refractory | 8 (36) | 12 (48) | ||
| Bortezomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 23 (92) | ||
| Refractory | 5 (23) | 13 (52) | ||
| Carfilzomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 9 (41) | 10 (40) | ||
| Refractory | 6 (27) | 6 (24) | ||
| Ixazomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 1 (5) | 3 (12) | ||
| Refractory | 1 (5) | 2 (8) | ||
| Daratumumab, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 25 (100) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 25 (100) | ||
| BCMAxCD3 antibody, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 2 (8) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 2 (8) | ||
| IMiD,‡ n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| PI,§ n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 22 (100) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 11 (50) | 18 (72) | ||
| IMiD and PI, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 11 (50) | 18 (72) | ||
| Triple class,|| n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 18 (72) |
| . | HD (n = 11) . | NDMM (n = 27) . | RRMM (n = 22) . | DARA-R MM (n = 25) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (range), y | 71 (55-77) | 66 (49-86) | 67 (54-77) | 66 (50-80) |
| Male, n (%) | 9 (82) | 16 (59) | 13 (59) | 15 (60) |
| LDH, U/L | ||||
| Median (range) | 207 (111-490) | 212 (78-1505) | 195 (110-544) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 10 (37) | 0 | 4 (16) | |
| Elevated, n (%) | 6 (35) | 6 (27) | 6 (29) | |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | ||||
| Median (range) | 80 (23-90) | 78 (42-90) | 78 (36-90) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 6 (22) | 0 | 0 | |
| <60, n (%) | 2 (10) | 4 (18) | 6 (24) | |
| <30, n (%) | 1 (5) | 0 | 0 | |
| β2-microglobulin, median (range), mg/L | 3.2 (1.8-11.0) | 3.7 (2.0-12.0) | 4.4 (1.7-9.0) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 4 (15) | 4 (18) | 13 (52) | |
| M protein, n (%) | ||||
| IgG | 9 (36) | 17 (77) | 16 (64) | |
| IgA | 5 (20) | 3 (14) | 4 (16) | |
| FLC only | 10 (40) | 2 (9) | 3 (12) | |
| Nonsecretor | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) | |
| Other | 1 (4): IgM | 0 | 1 (4): IgD | |
| Unknown | 2 (7) | 0 | 0 | |
| ISS score, n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 11 (46) | |||
| 2 | 8 (33) | |||
| 3 | 5 (21) | |||
| Unknown | 3 (11) | |||
| High-risk cytogenetics,* n (%) | 3 (12) | 7 (33) | 5 (36) | |
| Unknown | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 11 (44) | |
| del(17p) | 1 (4) | 5 (24) | 4 (29) | |
| t(4;14) | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 1 (7) | |
| t(14;16) | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 0 | |
| Prior lines, median (range) | 0 | 3 (1-8) | 6 (1-16) | |
| Prior autologous SCT, n (%) | NA | 15 (68) | 15 (60) | |
| Single | 12 (55) | 11 (44) | ||
| Double | 3 (14) | 4 (16) | ||
| Prior allogeneic SCT, n (%) | NA | 0 | 1 (4) | |
| Lenalidomide, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory† | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Pomalidomide, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 9 (41) | 13 (52) | ||
| Refractory | 8 (36) | 12 (48) | ||
| Bortezomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 23 (92) | ||
| Refractory | 5 (23) | 13 (52) | ||
| Carfilzomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 9 (41) | 10 (40) | ||
| Refractory | 6 (27) | 6 (24) | ||
| Ixazomib, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 1 (5) | 3 (12) | ||
| Refractory | 1 (5) | 2 (8) | ||
| Daratumumab, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 25 (100) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 25 (100) | ||
| BCMAxCD3 antibody, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 2 (8) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 2 (8) | ||
| IMiD,‡ n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| PI,§ n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 22 (100) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 11 (50) | 18 (72) | ||
| IMiD and PI, n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 20 (91) | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 11 (50) | 18 (72) | ||
| Triple class,|| n (%) | NA | |||
| Exposed | 0 | 24 (96) | ||
| Refractory | 0 | 18 (72) |
Based on the presence of del(17p), t(4;14), and/or t(14;16).
Refractory disease was defined as progressive disease during therapy, no response (less than partial response), or progressive disease within 60 days of stopping treatment, according to the International Uniform Response Criteria for Multiple Myeloma.
Lenalidomide and/or pomalidomide.
Bortezomib, carfilzomib, and/or ixazomib.
At least 1 IMiD plus 1 PI and CD38-targeting antibody.
eGFR; estimated glomerular filtration rate; FLC, free light chains; HD, healthy donor; Ig, immunoglobulin; ISS, International Staging System; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NA, not applicable; SCT, stem cell transplantation.